HCAW Diagrams

A visual atlas for How Computers Actually Work: command paths, memory layouts, page faults, TLB walks, cache hierarchy, and diagnostic flows.

Software Path

Software Path Command Flow
systemctl Command Path

Follows a systemctl request from the command line through systemd and service state changes.

Software Path Lifecycle
Fork/Exec Lifecycle

Shows how a process is created, duplicated, replaced, and finally becomes a running program.

Memory Path

Memory Path Layout
Process Memory Layout

Maps the major regions of a process address space: text, data, heap, mmap, stack, and kernel boundary.

Memory Path Fault Flow
Page Fault Flow

Traces what happens when a virtual address cannot immediately be translated to a physical page.

Memory Path Translation
TLB Walk

Visualizes translation lookups, TLB hits and misses, and page table walking.

Memory Path Hierarchy
Cache Hierarchy

Places CPU caches, main memory, and storage in their relative speed and distance layers.

Memory Path Diagnostics
Cache Diagnostics Flow

Connects cache/TLB symptoms to the diagnostic tools and questions that help explain them.